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(The Kingdom of Pergamon (colored olive), shown at its greatest extent in 188 BC - Pergamon Krallığı M.Ö. 188)
Pergamon was an ancient Greek city in Aeolis, currently located 26 kilometres (16 mi) from the Aegean Sea on a promontory on the north side of the river Caicus (modern-day Bakırçay). Today, the main sites of ancient Pergamon are to the north and west of the modern city of Bergama in Turkey.
Some ancient authors regarded it as a colony of the Arcadians, but the various origin stories all belong to legend. The Greek historians reconstructed a complete history for it due to confusion with the distant Teuthrania. It became the capital of the Kingdom of Pergamon during the Hellenistic period, under the Attalid dynasty, 281–133 BC. Pergamon is cited in the Book of Revelation as one of the seven churches of Asia.
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Pergamon, günümüzde İzmir iline bağlı Bergama ilçesinin merkezinin yerinde kurulu antik kentin adıdır. Pergamon, eski çağlarda Misya bölgesinin önemli merkezlerinden biriydi. MÖ 282-133 arasında da Pergamon Krallığı'nın başkentiydi.
Yazılı belgelerde Pergamon'dan ilk kez MÖ 4. yüzyılın başlarında söz edilir. Kent daha sonra Pergamon Krallığı'nın başkenti oldu. Bu dönemde saray, tapınak, tiyatro gibi yapılarla yapıldı, kent kule ve surlarla çevrildi. Pergamon, krallığın Roma'ya bağlanmasından sonra da Batı Anadolu'nun sayılı kentlerinden biri olarak kaldı.
Eski kentin kalıntılarını, 1870'lerde Batı Anadolu'da demiryolu döşenmesinde çalışan Alman mühendis Carl Humann buldu. Pergamon'da ilk araştırma ve kazı çalışmalarına da 1878'de başlandı. Kazılar ve onarım çalışmaları günümüzde de sürmektedir.
2011'de UNESCO tarafından Dünya Mirası Geçici Listesi'ne dahil edilen Pergamon, 2014'te ise Dünya Mirası olarak tescil edildi.
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The Great Altar of Pergamon, on display in the Pergamonmuseum in Berlin, Germany - Pergamon Büyük Altarı, Berlin
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Model of the Acropolis in the Pergamon museum in Berlin - Pergamon model kenti, Berlin Müzesi
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Theatre of Pergamon - Pergamon Tiyatrosu
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The reconstructed Temple of Trajan at Pergamon - Trajan Tapınağı
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View of Acropolis from Sanctuary of Asclepion
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Temple of Telesphorus - Telesphorus Tapınağı
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Panoramic view of Pergamon and the modern city of Bergama. - Pergamon ve Bergama'nın panoramik görüntüsü.
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Ancient Settlements in Turkey (EPHESUS - EFES)
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