Esim - 轶闻录第十三期之治水记一
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夏王朝是我国信史上有载的第一个王朝。今人往往指其为第一个
奴隶制国家,根据的原理大致是人类社会的五个阶段的划分。察
马恩的原意,以唯物的,生产力生产关系的观点来看待人类社会
的发展自然是最为科学的,但上古时代的人类社会受地缘以及自
然环境的影响甚重,其反映在社会形态上自然会十分不相同。夏
王朝究竟是一个怎样的国家,又因着什么样的因素而成了这样的
国家,今人往往没有在教科书上娓娓道来。这篇小文就是希望能
从杂芜的上古史传说中捋出一个比较清晰的条理,力求能将夏
这个国家诞生的每一个步骤都落在实处,或至少不悖于常识。

一, 夏之前的社会结构

可以知道的是,在夏之前的尧舜时代,生产力已经得到了
长足的发展,人们已能农牧,居有定所,其氏族部落常聚落在黄
河及各支流两岸,是典型的大河文明形态。这样的社会中,最高
的统治者是宗教主,这与其他文明无异,不同的地方在于,这个
宗教主所辖的地域甚广,氏族众多。其部落(或部落联盟)之大,
是其他早期文明所难以望其项背的。

史记五帝本纪记载,“帝颛顼高阳者,黄帝之孙而昌意之子也。
静渊以有谋,疏通而知事;养材以任地,载时以象天,依鬼神以制
义,治气以教化,絜诚以祭祀。北至于幽陵(冀北,辽南一带),
南至于交阯(今越南北部,至少应是云桂一带),西至于流沙(今
甘肃),东至于蟠木(鲁,浙北一带)。动静之物,大小之神,日月
所照,莫不砥属。”

据徐旭生先生的研究,帝颛顼最重要的作为就是改革了宗教,
扫荡了“九黎乱德,民神杂糅,不可方物”( 国语•楚语)带来的
意识形态及社会秩序的混乱,而最终将这个巨大的氏族部落的统治
权归为大巫所有,“命重黎绝地通天”,“命南正重司天以属神,
火正黎司地以属民”,也就是只有帝颛顼和大巫重能司天会神,以
神的旨意管理整个部落联盟,黎作为小一级别的巫,负责传达旨意,
管理百姓。而帝颛顼确实也有这个能力,从史记的记载来看,颛顼
天赋极高,有谋而能知,不易被蒙蔽;知道牧与农的方法;知天文
历法,能根据天道来制定人间的法度;修身治气而教化大众,恭敬
祖先(这个对氏族社会的凝聚尤为重要),并形成了一整套祭祀的制度。
有了这几方面领先的文化,一个以帝颛顼为宗教之主的重黎神巫统治
权力架构(又有人称之为“巫祠时代”)就在这个巨大的部落中构建
成功了,大小之神,日月所照,莫不砥属(更为精细的阐述可以参看
徐旭生先生著的《中国古史的传说时代》)。可以说,这样一套神巫权
力架构完全是凭着帝颛顼的天赋异禀才侥幸得以完成,从而挽救了已
开始冒出苗头的氏族公社社会的崩溃。权力构架,或者上层建筑(虽
然很原始)一旦建立,就会按照其自身的逻辑去衍生开去,而生产力
仍在缓慢的发展,历史并没有停止,矛盾依然存在。。。
(未完待续)

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USA as a world power? In E-Sim it is possible!

In E-Sim we have a huge, living world, which is a mirror copy of the Earth. Well, maybe not completely mirrored, because the balance of power in this virtual world looks a bit different than in real life. In E-Sim, USA does not have to be a world superpower, It can be efficiently managed as a much smaller country that has entrepreneurial citizens that support it's foundation. Everything depends on the players themselves and how they decide to shape the political map of the game.

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Activities in this game are divided into several modules. First is the economy as a citizen in a country of your choice you must work to earn money, which you will get to spend for example, on food or purchase of weapons which are critical for your progress as a fighter. You will work in either private companies which are owned by players or government companies which are owned by the state. After progressing in the game you will finally get the opportunity to set up your own business and hire other players. If it prospers, we can even change it into a joint-stock company and enter the stock market and get even more money in this way.


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The second module is a politics. Just like in real life politics in E-Sim are an extremely powerful tool that can be used for your own purposes. From time to time there are elections in the game in which you will not only vote, but also have the ability to run for the head of the party you're in. You can also apply for congress, where once elected you will be given the right to vote on laws proposed by your fellow congress members or your president and propose laws yourself. Voting on laws is important for your country as it can shape the lives of those around you. You can also try to become the head of a given party, and even take part in presidential elections and decide on the shape of the foreign policy of a given state (for example, who to declare war on). Career in politics is obviously not easy and in order to succeed in it, you have to have a good plan and compete for the votes of voters.


You can go bankrupt or become a rich man while playing the stock market.

The international war.

The last and probably the most important module is military. In E-Sim, countries are constantly fighting each other for control over territories which in return grant them access to more valuable raw materials. For this purpose, they form alliances, they fight international wars, but they also have to deal with, for example, uprisings in conquered countries or civil wars, which may explode on their territory. You can also take part in these clashes, although you are also given the opportunity to lead a life as a pacifist who focuses on other activities in the game (for example, running a successful newspaper or selling products).


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E-Sim is a unique browser game. It's creators ensured realistic representation of the mechanisms present in the real world and gave all power to the players who shape the image of the virtual Earth according to their own. So come and join them and help your country achieve its full potential.


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