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Kot sem obljubil, sledi še zadnji del nadaljevanke in sicer poglavje o zlorabah. Predstavil vam bom sam pojem ter možne oblike zlorab, torej na kakšne načine je sploh mogoče zlorabiti delniško družbo. Seveda pa vam bom orisal tudi situacije, ki se jih je pametno izogibati, če nočete biti opetnajsteni. Če ne poznate prvih dveh delov trilogije vodičev vam priporočam, da preberete prvi in drugi del . Obenem pa apeliram tudi na moderatorje da spoznajo načine in poskusijo kakorkoli vplivati na to, da bo zlorab vse manj.
1. Pojem
Uvodoma naj pojasnim, da je sam pojem zlorabe v igri zelo široko zastavljen (mišljen), definiran pa skorajda ni, razen izjemoma, ko gre za krajo iz skladišča delniške družbe ali prilaščanja valut preko monetarnega trga. Zloraba v mojem pogledu pa bolj meji na nemoralno dejanje, ki pa samo po sebi ni kaznivo, še manj pa je storilca moč preganjati. V bistvu gre za dejanja, kjer večinski lastnik (ponavadi tudi CEO) s spornim ravnanjem pridobiva neprimerno večjo moč v družbi glede na ostale člane.
2. Primeri zlorab
2.1. Pogost primer je ta v katerem je zaporedje dogodkov sledeče:
a)Ustanovitelj zagotovi dovolj veliko število delnic
b) Izda delnice po zelo visoki ceni (vsekakor višji, kot je knjigovodska/dejanska), vendar je teh delnic manj kot pa 50% vseh (zaradi svoje "varnosti" si lastniki radi zadržijo najmanj 60%)
c) neuki ljudje pokupijo delnice, ker se jim ne zdi prav nič sporno, da je delnica tako visoka, vrednost družbe, pa veliko manjša (beri drugi del vodiča, poglavje 2.3.)
d) zgodi se padec vrednosti delnic, ker je vrednost podjetja veliko manjša od nakupne cene delnic (prvi razlog), pa tudi zato, ker ko enkrat igralci ugotovijo, da bodo te delnice težko prodali postavljajo le-te na trg po vedno manjših cenah, seveda pa jih tudi za pol manjšo ceno ponavadi nihče noče kupiti (drugi razlog)... začaran krog
e) Igralci, ki so vložili v d.d. panično prodajajo delnice po nizkih cenah
f)kupuje jih nihče drug kot CEO (večinski lastnik)
Rezultat je znan. Ampak kot sem rekel, ta postopek je povsem običajen, dogaja se pogosto, ponekod bolj, ponekod manj. Priznati moram, da sem do sedaj opazil le nekaj, morda dve ali tri delniške družbe, ki so preživele prve dni brez ogromnega padca vrednosti delnice, seveda so si vodje teh pridobili moje zaupanje. Zadeva je, seveda povsem legalno izplejana, jaz pa jo še vedno dojemam kot zlorabo prve vrste, saj gre za okoriščanje na račun tujega denarja.
2.2.Praktično, gredo vse zlorabe po enakem (zgoraj opisanem) kopitu, le da je ta ponekod udejanjen v večji ali manjši meri, mogoče je preskočena kakšna stopnja. Eden od možnih prevzemov, ki ga pa sam ne bi več imenoval zloraba pa je naslednji: CEO (sploh ni nujno, da je tudi večinski lastnik) krajši čas načrtno niža ceno delnic in ko ta dovolj pade jih pokupi. Temu v RL pravimo meneđerski prevzem in je povsem legalen.
3. Kako se izogniti zlorabam?
Najpotrebneje je imeti znanje. Če uspete uvideti možno zlorabo ste si morda že uspeli prihraniti kakšen gold. Vsem pa priporočam, da z vlaganjem počakate kak teden, dva, celo tri, da se družba ustali, (to prepoznate po umirjenem grafu, brez veliki vzponov in padcev) saj je takrat že več ali manj jasno kakšni so bili nameni ustanovitelja. Če niste sigurni raje ne vlagajte!
Tako, prišel sem do konca zadnjega dela serije vodičev po delničarstvu. Upam da so vam bili v korist, še bolj pa upam, da ste jih prebrali. Na tem mestu še objavim to, da če kdo potrebuje kakršenkoli nasvet o vlaganju ipd. sem na voljo. V prihodnosti morda članke prevedem še v angleščino, vsekakor pa imam še dalje namen pisati o delničarstvu.
Do prihodnjič vas lepo pozdravljam,
ave imperator
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About the game:
USA as a world power? In E-Sim it is possible!
In E-Sim we have a huge, living world, which is a mirror copy of the Earth. Well, maybe not completely mirrored, because the balance of power in this virtual world looks a bit different than in real life. In E-Sim, USA does not have to be a world superpower, It can be efficiently managed as a much smaller country that has entrepreneurial citizens that support it's foundation. Everything depends on the players themselves and how they decide to shape the political map of the game.
Work for the good of your country and see it rise to an empire.
Activities in this game are divided into several modules. First is the economy as a citizen in a country of your choice you must work to earn money, which you will get to spend for example, on food or purchase of weapons which are critical for your progress as a fighter. You will work in either private companies which are owned by players or government companies which are owned by the state. After progressing in the game you will finally get the opportunity to set up your own business and hire other players. If it prospers, we can even change it into a joint-stock company and enter the stock market and get even more money in this way.
In E-Sim, international wars are nothing out of the ordinary.
Become an influential politician.
The second module is a politics. Just like in real life politics in E-Sim are an extremely powerful tool that can be used for your own purposes. From time to time there are elections in the game in which you will not only vote, but also have the ability to run for the head of the party you're in. You can also apply for congress, where once elected you will be given the right to vote on laws proposed by your fellow congress members or your president and propose laws yourself. Voting on laws is important for your country as it can shape the lives of those around you. You can also try to become the head of a given party, and even take part in presidential elections and decide on the shape of the foreign policy of a given state (for example, who to declare war on). Career in politics is obviously not easy and in order to succeed in it, you have to have a good plan and compete for the votes of voters.
You can go bankrupt or become a rich man while playing the stock market.
The international war.
The last and probably the most important module is military. In E-Sim, countries are constantly fighting each other for control over territories which in return grant them access to more valuable raw materials. For this purpose, they form alliances, they fight international wars, but they also have to deal with, for example, uprisings in conquered countries or civil wars, which may explode on their territory. You can also take part in these clashes, although you are also given the opportunity to lead a life as a pacifist who focuses on other activities in the game (for example, running a successful newspaper or selling products).
At the auction you can sell or buy your dream inventory.
E-Sim is a unique browser game. It's creators ensured realistic representation of the mechanisms present in the real world and gave all power to the players who shape the image of the virtual Earth according to their own. So come and join them and help your country achieve its full potential.
Invest, produce and sell - be an entrepreneur in E-Sim.
Take part in numerous events for the E-Sim community.
