Esim - 德国十大噩梦工程 皿煮的浪费能叫浪费?
Login:
Password:

Forgot password Register

Article


9
   
Report


据中国之声《全球华语广播网》日前报道,最近,一家调查机构列举了德国自1960年以来的十大“噩梦工程”。德国人做事向来以严谨著称,而所谓严谨的背后却掩盖了效率不高的事实。尤其是一些大型工程,经常拖拖拉拉。德国为什么会出现如此之多的烂尾工程呢?

噩梦工程,顾名思义是指一项有着美好前景的浩大工程最后成为了人们的噩梦。他们涉及交通设施、各种楼宇建筑、技术系统等等,平均造价比原计划高70%。

第一位,高速公路载重卡车收费系统,多耗费69亿欧元,比预算高出11倍。

第二位,德国的国库软件控制系统,1993年开始研发,2005年以失败告终。花费比预算高出11.5倍,多花46亿欧元。

第三位,卡尔卡核电厂增值反应堆,1973年开建,1985年才竣工,最初的预算为4亿7千1百万欧元,最终耗资却是28亿欧元,超额幅度达494%,并且建成之后由于安全以及大规模反核运动等因素影响,没有投入运行,一建成就报废了。

第四位,德国联邦刑侦局的新软件系统。耗资1亿1900万欧元,额外支出491%。

第五位,林堡主教观邸,按原计划建筑面积147平米,最终却超过2千平米,造价高出2500万欧元。

第六位,汉堡的圣保利易北河隧道修缮项目,这条路成于1911年的河底隧道从1994年动工修缮,至今尚未完工。费用也已经涨到364%。

第七位,始建于1971年的哈姆核电厂的高压反应堆,直到1985年才完工,比原计划晚了9年,多耗资31亿欧元,并且投产后不久就于1989年停止使用。

第八位,始建于70年代的布十字大楼,造价比预算多出9900万欧元。

第九位,波恩的德国之声总部大楼,原本用做德国议员的办公楼,1989年开建,由于直接建在莱茵河畔,93年被洪水淹没。此后一度闲置,德国迁都柏林之后,改建成广播大楼,造价比原计划高出四亿九千七百万欧元。



第十位,原本于2006年正式实施的德国新一代医疗卡项目,一直到2015年才落实。额外耗资34亿欧元。

这些项目的排名并不是单纯以耗资来作为参考数据,也考虑到他们所带来的后续影响等因素。实际上,这只是一些较为突出的例子,这样的事情在德国还是非常多的,很少有大型项目不超支。尤其在公共基础设施建设领域,造成这些问题的原因也多种多样。

德国几乎每一个项目都是一场旷日持久的辩论赛,各利益相关方争执不下,导致工期一拖再拖,甚至是难产或者是夭折。比如慕尼黑的机场新城铁,斯图加特的21世纪火车站以及柏林的新机场等等。由于各方利益难以达成妥协,在德国现行体制下,又难以进行有效的协调干预。从而使这些关系到公共利益的大型项目难以落实。而在建设的过程中,往往也会碰到各种各样的问题,使的预算不断攀升,最后为其买单的则是本应成为受益者的广大纳税人。(德国观察员薛成俊)


Previous article:
5.24 (10 years ago)

Next article:
5.26 (10 years ago)

ESim
or
Register for free:
Only letters, numbers, underscore and space are allowed (A-Z,a-z,0-9,_,' ')
Show more

By clicking 'Sign Up!', you agree to the Rules and that you have read the Privacy Policy.

About the game:


USA as a world power? In E-Sim it is possible!

In E-Sim we have a huge, living world, which is a mirror copy of the Earth. Well, maybe not completely mirrored, because the balance of power in this virtual world looks a bit different than in real life. In E-Sim, USA does not have to be a world superpower, It can be efficiently managed as a much smaller country that has entrepreneurial citizens that support it's foundation. Everything depends on the players themselves and how they decide to shape the political map of the game.

Work for the good of your country and see it rise to an empire.

Activities in this game are divided into several modules. First is the economy as a citizen in a country of your choice you must work to earn money, which you will get to spend for example, on food or purchase of weapons which are critical for your progress as a fighter. You will work in either private companies which are owned by players or government companies which are owned by the state. After progressing in the game you will finally get the opportunity to set up your own business and hire other players. If it prospers, we can even change it into a joint-stock company and enter the stock market and get even more money in this way.


In E-Sim, international wars are nothing out of the ordinary.

"E-Sim is one of the most unique browser games out there"

Become an influential politician.

The second module is a politics. Just like in real life politics in E-Sim are an extremely powerful tool that can be used for your own purposes. From time to time there are elections in the game in which you will not only vote, but also have the ability to run for the head of the party you're in. You can also apply for congress, where once elected you will be given the right to vote on laws proposed by your fellow congress members or your president and propose laws yourself. Voting on laws is important for your country as it can shape the lives of those around you. You can also try to become the head of a given party, and even take part in presidential elections and decide on the shape of the foreign policy of a given state (for example, who to declare war on). Career in politics is obviously not easy and in order to succeed in it, you have to have a good plan and compete for the votes of voters.


You can go bankrupt or become a rich man while playing the stock market.

The international war.

The last and probably the most important module is military. In E-Sim, countries are constantly fighting each other for control over territories which in return grant them access to more valuable raw materials. For this purpose, they form alliances, they fight international wars, but they also have to deal with, for example, uprisings in conquered countries or civil wars, which may explode on their territory. You can also take part in these clashes, although you are also given the opportunity to lead a life as a pacifist who focuses on other activities in the game (for example, running a successful newspaper or selling products).


At the auction you can sell or buy your dream inventory.

E-Sim is a unique browser game. It's creators ensured realistic representation of the mechanisms present in the real world and gave all power to the players who shape the image of the virtual Earth according to their own. So come and join them and help your country achieve its full potential.


Invest, produce and sell - be an entrepreneur in E-Sim.


Take part in numerous events for the E-Sim community.


| Terms of Service | Privacy policy | Support | Alpha | Luxia | Primera | Secura | Suna | Sora | Magna | Pangea | e-Sim: Countryballs Country Game
PLAY ON