Article
美国人弗拉季斯拉夫·祖博克，是伦敦政治经济学院国际史教授，专长于研究冷战与苏联—俄国历史，他撰著的《失败的帝国：从斯大林到戈尔巴乔夫》一书被誉为“这是有关冷战中苏联一方的最好的历史书”，从苏联的立场详细地检讨了这个红色帝国陨落的缘由。本期节选作者在此书中对苏联四代领导人的评价，以供大家评鉴。
*斯大林：在苏联领导人当中，约瑟夫•斯大林是最残忍的，但也许还是最犬儒化和最务实的。他控制了大部分关键领域的决策，尤其是国家安全、意识形态、军事及对外事务。重大决策大权独揽看上去很美，但到头来它也放大了他的错误与失误所造成的影响，而且这种大权独揽也是冷战爆发的原因之一。
*赫鲁晓夫：赫鲁晓夫个人的干劲、野心以及他不时地心血来潮想要消除斯大林对苏维埃体制及苏联社会影响的企图，成为苏联生活的方方面面和包括对外政策在内的诸多政策变革的主要动力。
*勃列日涅夫：他跟他的政治局同事和他这一代大多数官员一样，仍然是革命与帝国范式的囚徒。他是第一位以下面这种身份在苏联精英和人民当中建立其合法性的苏联统治者：他不仅是增强实力并在意识形态上采取强硬姿态的倡导者，而且还是和平的缔造者。
*戈尔巴乔夫：这位总书记最终更靠近的是西方的社会民主主义而不是马列主义。他想对共产党进行改革，想要改造苏联社会并把苏联融入“欧洲大家庭”。但他心中怀有许多大的错觉。首先是以为在摆脱了斯大林主义后遗症及革命与帝国范式的束缚之后，苏联会变得更加强大。其次是以为西方资本主义国家会出手相助，实现把苏联的改良主义的共产主义与欧洲的民主社会主义融为一体的宏伟大业。
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【每日读报】- 2014·10·23
1、媒体称国内政法委工作升格为总书记直接分管；（新京报）
2、11个省市3个月推出超3万亿项目吸引民资；（第一财经日报）
3、美国驻伊拉克大使馆22日凌晨被3枚火箭击中；（人民网）
4、发改委一日批复8大基建项目；三条铁路和五家机场的项目总投资额超过1500亿元；（发改委网站）
5、广东拟定裸官不得担任领导；还拟规定新提拔干部一定范围内公开财产；（南方都市报）
6、中国9月自俄进口原油暴增57%；（华尔街见闻）
7、黄渤海围填海疯狂，潮间带消逝；潮间带消失后无潮起潮落，部分围填海工程未批先建；（第一财经日报）
8、山东济南：11个月女婴体内被插16根钢针；医生：对孩子体内的钢针无能为力；（中国新闻网）
9、煤价下跌采暖费不下调：煤热联动“只管涨不管跌”；（新华网）
10、东北将有20万老人到三亚过冬；三亚40平方米公寓月租金2300元；可异地就医结算；（人民网）
11、厦大诱奸女生博导吴春明被指曾借保研染指本科生；（南都周刊）
12、〖特刊〗
就事论事，该怎么样就怎么样，这是一种能力。
佛家禅宗有一个故事——
行者问老和尚：“您得道前，做什么？”
老和尚说：“砍柴担水做饭。”
行者问：“那得道后呢？”
老和尚说：“砍柴担水做饭。”
行者又问：“那何谓得道？”
老和尚回答说：——
“得道前，砍柴时惦记着挑水，挑水时惦记着做饭；得道后，砍柴即砍柴，担水即担水，做饭即做饭。”
大多时候，都是生活选择你，而不是你去选择生活，尽管不情愿，可是必须面对，这就是人生。我只是站在原地，慢慢承受着，学着不诉哀伤，是的，隐忍，我会努力，我会回归最初的淡漠，再见，自以为是的青春，再见，想象中的美好，当现实赤裸裸的告诉你必须去面对的时候，除了微笑，只能微笑。
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About the game:
USA as a world power? In E-Sim it is possible!
In E-Sim we have a huge, living world, which is a mirror copy of the Earth. Well, maybe not completely mirrored, because the balance of power in this virtual world looks a bit different than in real life. In E-Sim, USA does not have to be a world superpower, It can be efficiently managed as a much smaller country that has entrepreneurial citizens that support it's foundation. Everything depends on the players themselves and how they decide to shape the political map of the game.
Work for the good of your country and see it rise to an empire.
Activities in this game are divided into several modules. First is the economy as a citizen in a country of your choice you must work to earn money, which you will get to spend for example, on food or purchase of weapons which are critical for your progress as a fighter. You will work in either private companies which are owned by players or government companies which are owned by the state. After progressing in the game you will finally get the opportunity to set up your own business and hire other players. If it prospers, we can even change it into a joint-stock company and enter the stock market and get even more money in this way.
In E-Sim, international wars are nothing out of the ordinary.
Become an influential politician.
The second module is a politics. Just like in real life politics in E-Sim are an extremely powerful tool that can be used for your own purposes. From time to time there are elections in the game in which you will not only vote, but also have the ability to run for the head of the party you're in. You can also apply for congress, where once elected you will be given the right to vote on laws proposed by your fellow congress members or your president and propose laws yourself. Voting on laws is important for your country as it can shape the lives of those around you. You can also try to become the head of a given party, and even take part in presidential elections and decide on the shape of the foreign policy of a given state (for example, who to declare war on). Career in politics is obviously not easy and in order to succeed in it, you have to have a good plan and compete for the votes of voters.
You can go bankrupt or become a rich man while playing the stock market.
The international war.
The last and probably the most important module is military. In E-Sim, countries are constantly fighting each other for control over territories which in return grant them access to more valuable raw materials. For this purpose, they form alliances, they fight international wars, but they also have to deal with, for example, uprisings in conquered countries or civil wars, which may explode on their territory. You can also take part in these clashes, although you are also given the opportunity to lead a life as a pacifist who focuses on other activities in the game (for example, running a successful newspaper or selling products).
At the auction you can sell or buy your dream inventory.
E-Sim is a unique browser game. It's creators ensured realistic representation of the mechanisms present in the real world and gave all power to the players who shape the image of the virtual Earth according to their own. So come and join them and help your country achieve its full potential.
Invest, produce and sell - be an entrepreneur in E-Sim.
Take part in numerous events for the E-Sim community.
