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先前发错位置了，重来。
《向日葵》是荷兰画家梵高绘画的一系列静物油画。当中有三幅绘有十五朵向日葵，另有两幅绘有十二朵向日葵。画家1888年8月在法国南部阿尔勒绘画了第一幅十五朵的 《向日葵》 (藏于英国伦敦英国国家美术馆)和第一幅十二朵的《向日葵》） (藏于德国慕尼黑新美术馆)，其余的作品在翌年1月绘成。全部作品都画在 93 × 72 厘米 (37" × 28"
的帆布上。1887年他另外在巴黎绘画了一套四幅的向日葵静物画。
画家在1888年夏末开始工作，并持续到第二年。其中一幅被他的朋友保罗·高更装饰其卧室。这个系列呈现了向日葵由盛放到凋谢各阶段的形象。在用色方面—某程度上应该归功于新近上市的颜料令新的色调变得可能—黄色系列的表现力得到突破。在给其弟弟费奥的信中，他表示：“可以说，向日葵是属于我的花”。
1987年3月，当时任安田火灾海上保险代表取缔役的后藤康男在伦敦佳士得拍卖公司主持的拍卖会上，以相当于39,921,750美元的价格标得《花瓶里的十五朵向日葵》，开创了梵高作品价格的纪录，使得连那些对美术没有兴趣的人都认识《向日葵》系列。这幅作品目前被收藏于日本东京的损保日本东乡青儿美术馆（損保ジャパン東郷青児美術館，位于损害保险日本公司的总社大楼的顶楼）。在交易过后其真伪曾一度引起争论——有人认为这是埃米尔·舒芬尼克尔（Emile Schuffenecker）的仿作。
1888年4月，已35岁的梵高从巴黎来到阿尔勒，来到这座法国南部小城寻找他的阳光，他的麦田，他的向日葵……梵高创作了大量描绘向日葵的作品。这幅是其中最著名的，现藏于英国伦敦英国国家美术馆。
梵高一生创作了共十幅向日葵。梵高的艺术是伟大的，然而在他生前并未得到社会的承认。他作品中所包含着深刻的悲剧意识，其强烈的个性和在形式上的独特追求，远远走在时代的前面，的确难以被当时的人们所接受。他以环境来抓住对象，他重新改变现实，以达到实实在在的真实，促成了表现主义的诞生。在人们对他的误解最深的时候，正是他对自己的创作最有信心的时候。因此才留下了永远的艺术著作。他直接影响了法国的野兽主义，德国的表现主义，以至于20世纪初出现的抒情抽象肖像。
《向日葵》就是在阳光明媚灿烂的法国南部所作的。画面像闪烁着熊熊的火焰，满怀炽热的激情令运动感的和仿佛旋转不停的笔触是那样粗厚有力，色彩的对比也是单纯强烈的。然而，在这种粗厚和单纯中却又充满了智慧和灵气。观者在观看此画时，无不为那激动人心的画面效果而感应，心灵为之震颤，激情也喷薄而出，无不跃跃欲试，共同融入到梵高丰富的主观感情中去。总之，梵高笔下的向日葵不仅仅是植物，而是带有原始冲动和热情的生命体。
其中有十副在他死后散落于世界各地，只有一副保存在梵高美术馆。梵高在给他的弟弟的信中提到十二颗与十四颗向日葵的结构分布。他用十二颗向日葵来表示基督十二门徒，他将南方画室的成员定为12人，加上本人和弟弟2人，一共14人。
梵高笔下的向日葵，像一团熊熊的烈火，那样的华丽，那团烈火似乎想要将每个观看过它的人的心燃烧，让每个观看过它的人震惊于梵高的想象力。
（这些图都是预览图，不推荐右键）
图的下载地址： http://pan.baidu.com/s/1sjlQkzF pw：e-sim
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About the game:
USA as a world power? In E-Sim it is possible!
In E-Sim we have a huge, living world, which is a mirror copy of the Earth. Well, maybe not completely mirrored, because the balance of power in this virtual world looks a bit different than in real life. In E-Sim, USA does not have to be a world superpower, It can be efficiently managed as a much smaller country that has entrepreneurial citizens that support it's foundation. Everything depends on the players themselves and how they decide to shape the political map of the game.
Work for the good of your country and see it rise to an empire.
Activities in this game are divided into several modules. First is the economy as a citizen in a country of your choice you must work to earn money, which you will get to spend for example, on food or purchase of weapons which are critical for your progress as a fighter. You will work in either private companies which are owned by players or government companies which are owned by the state. After progressing in the game you will finally get the opportunity to set up your own business and hire other players. If it prospers, we can even change it into a joint-stock company and enter the stock market and get even more money in this way.
In E-Sim, international wars are nothing out of the ordinary.
Become an influential politician.
The second module is a politics. Just like in real life politics in E-Sim are an extremely powerful tool that can be used for your own purposes. From time to time there are elections in the game in which you will not only vote, but also have the ability to run for the head of the party you're in. You can also apply for congress, where once elected you will be given the right to vote on laws proposed by your fellow congress members or your president and propose laws yourself. Voting on laws is important for your country as it can shape the lives of those around you. You can also try to become the head of a given party, and even take part in presidential elections and decide on the shape of the foreign policy of a given state (for example, who to declare war on). Career in politics is obviously not easy and in order to succeed in it, you have to have a good plan and compete for the votes of voters.
You can go bankrupt or become a rich man while playing the stock market.
The international war.
The last and probably the most important module is military. In E-Sim, countries are constantly fighting each other for control over territories which in return grant them access to more valuable raw materials. For this purpose, they form alliances, they fight international wars, but they also have to deal with, for example, uprisings in conquered countries or civil wars, which may explode on their territory. You can also take part in these clashes, although you are also given the opportunity to lead a life as a pacifist who focuses on other activities in the game (for example, running a successful newspaper or selling products).
At the auction you can sell or buy your dream inventory.
E-Sim is a unique browser game. It's creators ensured realistic representation of the mechanisms present in the real world and gave all power to the players who shape the image of the virtual Earth according to their own. So come and join them and help your country achieve its full potential.
Invest, produce and sell - be an entrepreneur in E-Sim.
Take part in numerous events for the E-Sim community.
