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新华网北京11月11日电(记者吕诺)国家卫生计生委新闻发言人、宣传司司长毛群安11日接受媒体采访时表示,40多年来,我国由于计划生育累计少生了4亿多人,大大减轻了人口过快增长对资源环境带来的压力。
  计划生育使我国人口的过快增长得到有效控制。毛群安介绍,我国人口出生率由1970年的33.4‰下降到2012年的12.1‰,人口自然增长率由1970年的25.8‰下降到2012年的4.95‰,是世界平均水平的一半;妇女总和生育率由1970年的5.8下降到2012年的1.5至1.6,达到了发达国家的平均水平;1970年我国出生人口2739万人,净增2321万人,2012年出生人口1635万人,净增669万人。
  “我国人口再生产类型实现了由高出生、低死亡、高增长的传统型,向低出生、低死亡、低增长的现代型的历史性转变。”毛群安说。
  计划生育有效缓解了人口对资源环境的压力。毛群安说,我国是发展中国家,既要面对13亿多人口的生存发展问题,也要面对有限的资源、环境的人口承载能力。如果当初不实行计划生育政策,现在我国人口恐怕要达到17亿至18亿,人均耕地、粮食、森林、淡水资源、能源等将比目前降低20%以上,不仅资源环境难以承载发展的需要,而
且经济社会发展也不可能达到现在这个水平。
  计划生育有力促进了经济持续快速发展和社会进步。毛群安说,计划生育转变了人们的婚育观念和生育行为,减少了出生人口规模,降低了少儿人口占总人口的比例,减轻了对衣、食、住、行、教育、医疗、就业等方面的压力,对促进社会发展,保障和改善民生,提高人民生活水平起到了巨大作用。我国人类发展指数从改革开放初期的0.53上升到2012年的0.699,是进步最快的国家之一。
  他说,我国人口抚养比不断下降,劳动力比例持续上升,人口红利凸显。改革开放以来,我国充分利用劳动力规模大、成本低的优势,以经济建设为中心,大力发展现代农业、工业和第三产业,实现了我国经济持续快速发展。我国经济总量已跃居世界第2位。计划生育功不可没。
  计划生育改善了妇女儿童发展状况。毛群安说,我国始终将推行计划生育与提高妇女地位、优生优育、提高妇女儿童的健康水平结合起来,大力开展计划生育和生殖健康优质服务,普及青少年性与生殖健康知识,依法保障女婴和女孩的生存发展权利,促进社会性别平等,取得了突出成效。我国孕产妇死亡率、婴儿死亡率大幅下降,分别由1991年的80.0/10万、50.2‰,下降到2012年的24.5/10万、10.3‰。
  “我国计划生育的成功实践,使世界70亿人口日推迟了5年。”毛群安说,我国为其他发展中国家解决人口与发展问题作出了表率,树立了负责任人口大国的良好形象。


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USA as a world power? In E-Sim it is possible!

In E-Sim we have a huge, living world, which is a mirror copy of the Earth. Well, maybe not completely mirrored, because the balance of power in this virtual world looks a bit different than in real life. In E-Sim, USA does not have to be a world superpower, It can be efficiently managed as a much smaller country that has entrepreneurial citizens that support it's foundation. Everything depends on the players themselves and how they decide to shape the political map of the game.

Work for the good of your country and see it rise to an empire.

Activities in this game are divided into several modules. First is the economy as a citizen in a country of your choice you must work to earn money, which you will get to spend for example, on food or purchase of weapons which are critical for your progress as a fighter. You will work in either private companies which are owned by players or government companies which are owned by the state. After progressing in the game you will finally get the opportunity to set up your own business and hire other players. If it prospers, we can even change it into a joint-stock company and enter the stock market and get even more money in this way.


In E-Sim, international wars are nothing out of the ordinary.

"E-Sim is one of the most unique browser games out there"

Become an influential politician.

The second module is a politics. Just like in real life politics in E-Sim are an extremely powerful tool that can be used for your own purposes. From time to time there are elections in the game in which you will not only vote, but also have the ability to run for the head of the party you're in. You can also apply for congress, where once elected you will be given the right to vote on laws proposed by your fellow congress members or your president and propose laws yourself. Voting on laws is important for your country as it can shape the lives of those around you. You can also try to become the head of a given party, and even take part in presidential elections and decide on the shape of the foreign policy of a given state (for example, who to declare war on). Career in politics is obviously not easy and in order to succeed in it, you have to have a good plan and compete for the votes of voters.


You can go bankrupt or become a rich man while playing the stock market.

The international war.

The last and probably the most important module is military. In E-Sim, countries are constantly fighting each other for control over territories which in return grant them access to more valuable raw materials. For this purpose, they form alliances, they fight international wars, but they also have to deal with, for example, uprisings in conquered countries or civil wars, which may explode on their territory. You can also take part in these clashes, although you are also given the opportunity to lead a life as a pacifist who focuses on other activities in the game (for example, running a successful newspaper or selling products).


At the auction you can sell or buy your dream inventory.

E-Sim is a unique browser game. It's creators ensured realistic representation of the mechanisms present in the real world and gave all power to the players who shape the image of the virtual Earth according to their own. So come and join them and help your country achieve its full potential.


Invest, produce and sell - be an entrepreneur in E-Sim.


Take part in numerous events for the E-Sim community.


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