Article
全会提出，要提高社会治理水平，维护国家安全，确保人民安居乐业、社会安定有序；要改进社会治理方式，激发社会组织活力，创新有效预防和化解社会矛盾体制，健全公共安全体系，设立国家安全委员会，完善国家安全体制和国家安全战略，确保国家安全。
设立国家安全委员会，以完善国家安全体制和战略，确保国家安全，是十八届三中全会公报中最受关注的内容之一。
专家认为，这将是一个层级高、范围广、兼管内外事务、以协调为主，决策权力在中央的国家安全委员会。
京华时报记者商西
【三问改革】
1问
为何要设立国安委？
安全形势复杂防患于未然
“中国在国际关系中的地位和影响越来越重要，不确定的突发事件增加的可能性，我个人认为呈现上升态势，所以设立国家级的危机应对管理机构也是一个必然”，中国现代国际关系研究院反恐怖研究中心主任李伟指出，设立国家安全委员会是防患于未然。
李伟指出，国家安全委员会的性质是国家层面的危机应对与管理机构，其设立是健全国家安全机制方面的一个动作。
“当前中国维护国家安全的力量分散在政府、军队各个职能部门当中，缺乏一个国家级别的危机应对和管理机构”，李伟认为，“顶层设计”是此次设立国安委的一个关键点。
国防大学教授公方彬指出，中国当前正面临“大国崛起的烦恼”，随着安全利益的拓展，国家安全涉及方方面面，有些已超过军事力量承担的范围，过去主要由传统力量承担解决安全问题，如今已远远不够，必须拓展，并有相应力量跟上，因此国家安全委员会应运而生。
2问
国安委是对内还是对外？
危害国家安全事内外兼管
这个国家安全委员会对内还是对外？昨天不少网友在微博上提出疑问。
从全会公报的表述上看，设立国家安全委员会的内容出现在创新国家治理的部分，具有很强的对内色彩，而完善国家安全体制与战略的用意又与外部安全息息相关。
李伟认为，无论涉及国内还是国外，可能危害国家安全利益的重大突发事件都在其职责范围内，涉及国家负责安全问题方方面面的职能部门，公安、国安、武警、交通、卫生、民政等部门的负责人有可能都是国安委的成员。
国防大学教授公方彬认为，中国的国家安全委员会在架构上不会是一个实体，而是一个独立的指挥系统，在中央领导下，高于一般的社会建设、经济发展委员会，以协调为特点，权力在中央，没有权力代办者，最后决策者“必然是最高领导人”。
3问
国安委的具体职能是什么？
应对重大突发非日常机构
“千万不要当成一个日常机构来看”，李伟认为，与国务院等日常运作的机构不同，国家安全委员会在一旦发生危及国家安全和国家利益的突发事件时才会发挥作用，此外很重要的一个职责是为国家安全发展制定长远的顶层战略。
李伟分析，委员会将应对超越当前框架运作的一些重大的涉及国家安全的突发事件，这些事件的紧急处置非一己之力能为，一旦遇到，都可以最快捷的方式应对处理，避免给国家带来更大损失。
“比如东海、南海如果超越当前事态发展，就有可能纳入国安委危机应对处置的范围”，李伟举例说。
李伟认为，该委员会的优势在于能避免部门之间程序性的一些事务，实现快捷高效，符合现代化社会处理危机的模式，同时避免资源重复使用的一系列问题。
公方彬指出，委员会可能更多针对新的超越传统的安全，比如网络安全，又如分裂分子问题，涉及国际势力介入等较为复杂的安全问题。
【设立背景】
中国发展越快风险越大
“经济、外交各个方面，都体现在国家安全利益上”，中国国际问题研究所副所长阮宗泽认为，中国现在正处在从一个地区大国向全球大国过渡的时期，国家安全观念的树立和相应的机制保障十分重要，国家安全委员会的设立正是体现一个大的国家安全理念。
阮宗泽指出，中国发展越快，拓展越宽，国际化程度越高，面临的风险和挑战就越大，安全就会越来越重要，需要有一个机制对国家安全问题作出快速反应。国家安全委员会的设立意在提升效率，兼顾方方面面的利益，既协调，也站得更高，视野更全面平衡。
统筹国际国内两个大局
中国社科院亚太研究所安全外交研究室主任张洁提到，十八大后中央一直强调要统筹国际国内两个大局，整合对内对外事务，国家安全委员会的设立与之相关。张洁认为，当前中国面临的安全挑战比较大，安全形势相比本世纪第一个十年要复杂得多。
国防大学教授李大光也指出，当前中国的安全形势非常复杂，传统安全和非传统安全交织，除军事安全等传统安全，恐怖主义、自然灾害等非传统安全外，最近发生的监听门事件关涉网络、信息安全，还有太空安全等新的安全范畴，都需一一应对，因此建立国家安全委员会是维护国家利益的需要，对国家安全发展有利。
该委员会的设立在中国呼吁已久，为何十余年未设而今终尘埃落定？“重大变革时期必然会产生一些新东西”，国防大学教授公方彬指出，任何一个大的制度机制变化都和内在需求有关，当前改革进入突破期，强调顶层设计和摸着石头过河相结合，总结内部经验和借鉴外部经验相结合，但公报主要是纲领性的内容，体现思路和方向，实质性的方案还有待拿出。
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About the game:
USA as a world power? In E-Sim it is possible!
In E-Sim we have a huge, living world, which is a mirror copy of the Earth. Well, maybe not completely mirrored, because the balance of power in this virtual world looks a bit different than in real life. In E-Sim, USA does not have to be a world superpower, It can be efficiently managed as a much smaller country that has entrepreneurial citizens that support it's foundation. Everything depends on the players themselves and how they decide to shape the political map of the game.
Work for the good of your country and see it rise to an empire.
Activities in this game are divided into several modules. First is the economy as a citizen in a country of your choice you must work to earn money, which you will get to spend for example, on food or purchase of weapons which are critical for your progress as a fighter. You will work in either private companies which are owned by players or government companies which are owned by the state. After progressing in the game you will finally get the opportunity to set up your own business and hire other players. If it prospers, we can even change it into a joint-stock company and enter the stock market and get even more money in this way.
In E-Sim, international wars are nothing out of the ordinary.
Become an influential politician.
The second module is a politics. Just like in real life politics in E-Sim are an extremely powerful tool that can be used for your own purposes. From time to time there are elections in the game in which you will not only vote, but also have the ability to run for the head of the party you're in. You can also apply for congress, where once elected you will be given the right to vote on laws proposed by your fellow congress members or your president and propose laws yourself. Voting on laws is important for your country as it can shape the lives of those around you. You can also try to become the head of a given party, and even take part in presidential elections and decide on the shape of the foreign policy of a given state (for example, who to declare war on). Career in politics is obviously not easy and in order to succeed in it, you have to have a good plan and compete for the votes of voters.
You can go bankrupt or become a rich man while playing the stock market.
The international war.
The last and probably the most important module is military. In E-Sim, countries are constantly fighting each other for control over territories which in return grant them access to more valuable raw materials. For this purpose, they form alliances, they fight international wars, but they also have to deal with, for example, uprisings in conquered countries or civil wars, which may explode on their territory. You can also take part in these clashes, although you are also given the opportunity to lead a life as a pacifist who focuses on other activities in the game (for example, running a successful newspaper or selling products).
At the auction you can sell or buy your dream inventory.
E-Sim is a unique browser game. It's creators ensured realistic representation of the mechanisms present in the real world and gave all power to the players who shape the image of the virtual Earth according to their own. So come and join them and help your country achieve its full potential.
Invest, produce and sell - be an entrepreneur in E-Sim.
Take part in numerous events for the E-Sim community.
